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Powerless against your own computer
The nightmare
You've bought your Macintosh and a copy of OS X. You're the only user on the machine, and all the data on it is yours, so why can't you access all of the files? You may have even discovered that you don't have permission to empty the Trash. It's enough to make you think that your computer is working against you or that someone else comes in the middle of the night and uses it while you're sleeping. What gives?
Analysis
Trashing stubborn files was an easy problem to fix in OS 9. If you got a permissions error when you tried to empty the Trash (because a file was either locked, in use, or otherwise inaccessible), all you had to do was hold down the Option key the next time you tried to take out the rubbish, and your OS dumped those nasty files for good. But OS X has a harder time with this chore.

If you run into this problem, several things could be happening, so be on your guard. You could have OS 9 files in your Trash, say, from working in Classic apps, which OS X can't easily discard. Or, the files could simply be locked or still in use by some phantom program. Or, you may need to log in as the computer's administrator, which would give you greater control over certain files. The administrator account comes with Mac OS X's Unix foundation (this type of account is also present in Windows NT, 2000, and XP), but it's a new concept to most longtime Mac users, so it might be the last thing you think of when you have a problem.

Advice
First, try an easy fix. Make sure you don't have any programs running when you empty the Trash. The files you're trying to ditch could be associated with a working program, so your computer won't let them go yet. Next, open the Trash and click-and-hold an item that won't go away. From the resulting pop-up menu, choose Show Info (you can also right-click, if you have a two-button mouse). Look at the bottom of the resulting window to see if the item is locked. If so, unlock it by clicking the box next to the word Locked in the lower left of the resulting window.

No luck? You can also try moving the files into another folder, then rebooting into OS 9, which has more reliable garbage-emptying behavior. Then move the files back into the Trash and delete them. You may have to hold down the Option key when you choose the Empty function.

It's also possible that you simply don't have administrative access to your files. To find out, open System Preferences > Users. The Users dialog displays whether or not your account has administrative rights. If it doesn't, click the check box to make yourself an administrator (you will need to enter the administrator's password) and close System Preferences. The admin account isn't too different from a regular account, except that you have access to all files--including the pesky Trash.

Of course, many other, more complicated ways to clear files exist--by getting root access to your Mac, for example. But that kind of operation could cause more problems than it solves for the uninitiated. If you're curious, head to the Apple site and log in to the AppleCare Knowledge Base. Search on Permissions Problems and enjoy. Show me how to cure my OS X installation terrors!

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{Intro} {Powerless against your own computer} {The case of the very, very bad Voodoo} {The pox of painful printing} {The horror of the permanently blank CD}