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March 21, 2007 3:00 AM PDT

Reminder: Keep applications in the locations they were originally installed (usually /Applications)

by CNET staff

Though it may be tempting to organize your applications into customized directories -- for instance putting all of your Web browsers in a folder named "Browsers" within the /Applications directory -- you should refrain from doing so under Mac OS X.

Applications, especially those installed alongside Mac OS X or developed by Apple, should always be kept in their original locations of installation. This prevents a bevy of potential issues, including an inability to properly apply updates to said application(s).

If you do move applications out of their default installation location, you may run into one of the following problems:

  • An individual application updater (e.g. iPhoto 6.0.6) may fail to properly perform installation, presenting an error message stating that no eligible application exists for updating, or simply quitting with a different error message
  • A "skeleton" application may be installed at the default location (e.g. /Applications). This incomplete copy of the application will contain only the components installed by the given updater, and generally will not be usable. A prime example of this problem occurred with Font Book and Security Update 2006-007. If Font Book was not located in /Applications at the time of applying Security Update 2006-007 -- where a non-functional, ~400 KB item called Font Book appeared in /Applications -- was the result

So resist the urge to organize your actual applications (especially those from Apple) into subdirectories or move them outside the /Applications or /Applications/Utilities directories if these were their original installation locations.

You can, of course, create aliases of your applications (select the application icon, the press Command-L or select "Make Alias" from the File menu), and organize them however you'd like. Alternatively, you can consider one of the many application launcher utilities.

Feedback? Late-breakers@macfixit.com.

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    Add a Comment (Log in or register) (11 Comments)
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    by LStewart March 21, 2007 7:49 AM PDT
    <p>Regarding applications that do not rely on Apple's software update or patching mechanisms... I honestly don't see the point in "resisting the urge to organize." I have and semi-regularly use over a hundred applications on my ancient G4 PowerMac, and if they were all in the <code>/Applications</code> folder, it would be quite a chore finding the one I'm looking for... especially on the occasions when e.g. <i>"I can't quite remember what that one audio processing utility was called, but I know I've got it somewhere..."</i>
    <p>Outside of the Apple-installed software suite, I don't put <i>any</i> apps directly in <code>/Applications</code>... they all go into sub-folders such as <code>/Applications/Productivity</code> or <code>/Applications/Video</code> or <code>/Applications/Utilities/Compression</code> etc. I have been following this organization scheme for years (since the OS X beta came out) and it has never caused a single problem -- as long as I "resist the urge" to organize Apple's own stuff. Sure it may be a little inconsistent, but it fits the way I choose to work.
    Reply to this comment
    by echo March 21, 2007 7:49 AM PDT
    <class="merchant"><span>&#62;</span><div class="datestamp"><i>This is a reply to a previous comment by LStewart</i></div></class><br />
    Agreed. From my experience, this only applies to Apple apps.
    Reply to this comment
    by vintage_gman March 21, 2007 7:49 AM PDT
    <class="merchant"><span>&#62;</span><div class="datestamp"><i>This is a reply to a previous comment by LStewart</i></div></class><br />
    10-4 on your years of experience as they mirror mine as well in Mac IT. There is no need at all, especially keeping any third-party Applications put and in many cases Apple apps as well. If the Apple updater can't find them, all the better.

    Considering the dismal history of Apple's online updates screwing up once nicely operating applications, I have taken the measure at our district in disabling auto updating. When we're sure all the bug filled updates are sanitized or macfixit has found sufficient "fixes" for Apple botched updates, then we manually download and install. This situation that Apple has put owners and IT staff members in is pathetic! I had the iTunes 7.1 update screw up 3 of my 5 personal Macs!

    Just as this poster wrote, myself and a lot of other long time Mac OS X (and OS 9) users I know have used the practice of creating sub-folders for application types. It has never created any problems in more than 8 years of experience.

    This was bad information from a macfixit supposed expert.
    Reply to this comment
    by ventifact March 21, 2007 8:17 AM PDT
    Populate thematic directories with aliases so the origionals stay in their installed locations.
    Reply to this comment
    by rclbiz March 21, 2007 8:17 AM PDT
    <class="merchant"><span>&#62;</span><div class="datestamp"><i>This is a reply to a previous comment by ventifact</i></div></class><br />
    That's exactly what I do: Use aliases in thematic folders. Then I go a step further using FriutMenu so I can access these easily via the Apple menu just like in pre-OS X days. Finding and opening the applications I need is a breeze.
    Reply to this comment
    by March 21, 2007 9:19 AM PDT
    Developers can and should ask the user where to install the app as part of the installation process. Failure to do so suggests laziness.
    Reply to this comment
    by Han_Solo March 21, 2007 11:20 AM PDT
    I know a lot of folks -- particularly those with years of experience with the Mac prior to OS X -- who like to gripe about this issue. And perhaps it's not entirely unfounded. But that's the way it is, and likely will be in Leopard and beyond, so it may be more productive to find work-arounds. I can think of at least three:
    <ol>
    <li>Dump all programs into Applications, but use aliases (or, where necessary, Unix links) to create whatever organizational structure you like in ~Applications. That's right, you can have an Applications folder in your home directory, and you face few restrictions on how you set it up. However, you still should install into Applications -- not only for the reasons listed in this tip (like not breaking installers), but also to allow access to other users (including the admin account you've created for emergencies... you do have one, right?). You can even place ~Applications in your Finder sidebar (and, if you are somewhat daring, remove Applications) for easy access.
    <br><li>Use a launcher, such as Quicksilver, LaunchBar, Butler, etc. These are keyboard-based launchers; those who long for an OS 7 to 9-like customizable Apple menu can find other (free and commercial) utilities to approximate that functionality.
    <br><li>Use the Dock. Place folders of aliases of your applications, grouped however you see fit, in your dock, and launch programs from there. Or use one of the many dock add-ons that give enhanced features for organizing and launching. Or skip the dock altogether and use DragThing or the like -- these tools also allow more control over organizing one's applications, and one's workflow more generally.
    </ol>
    I hope those suggestions are helpful. Of course, the Applications folder is managed this way as a consequence (albeit perhaps not a required one) of the inherently multi-user environment that OS X is. "But I'm the only user," one might protest, but that misses the fact that OS X -- unlike early Mac OSes or most currently installed versions of Windows -- is <i>designed</i> to separate user actions from administrative actions. (It also is why OS X is generally more resistant to malware than, say, Windows XP.) So just dump your applications into Applications, pick one of the above organizing tips, and get back to doing creative stuff <i>with</i> your Mac, instead of <i>on</i> it.
    Reply to this comment
    by jharris--2008 March 21, 2007 11:40 AM PDT
    I keep all of Apple's installed apps in the main Applications folder, and all other apps organized within category folders within the same folder. I've never had a problem with any updates using this technique.

    I thought that one of the key selling points of the Mac was the customizability of the OS, unlike the rigid and unflexible Windows OS. If we can't have it our way, then that is a step backward IMHO.
    Reply to this comment
    by gleng1 March 21, 2007 1:31 PM PDT
    I've had update problems in the past when putting Apple Apps into subfolders.
    However, now I install most apps into the Applications Folder and only put aliases in my subfolders. Also, I make aliases of the subfolders and put a leading space in the name of the alias. This puts all subfolders at the top the list for easy access. This method still allows me to find apps by name in the Application Folder or by subfolder category. ( Image Apps, Media Apps, Text Apps, Internet Apps, Games, etc. )

    Glen G.
    Reply to this comment
    by Palm Springs Follies March 22, 2007 9:30 AM PDT
    I am one of those obsessive organizers that move the apps into subfolders, actually into subfolders of subfolders. In 10.3 this caused a problem, but in at least the last four point updaters of 10.4 (back to 10.4.6), it finds all the applications in the subfolders and updates them. I check every time, looking at all the applications to make sure they were updated. I compared this to a running the update on a system where everything was in the root, and the results appear to be the same.

    However, the individual program updaters are a different story. For example, updates to any iLife program will not install unless the application is in the Applications root.
    Reply to this comment
    by allen_a_watson_dotmac April 4, 2007 10:17 AM PDT
    Likewise! I've organized most non-Apple apps in subfolders for years with no ill effects. I do agree about keeping Apple apps where Apple puts them, and I see no reason not to. If I do have a Browsers subfolder, I just put an alias to Safari in it and leave Safari where Apple puts it. However, any other browsers, such as Firefox, Camino, Omniweb, Opera, Shiira, or whatever, go into the subfolder.
    Reply to this comment
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